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Ach Well
Read my interview with Gray on The New Review section of this site


The Official Website of Alasdair Gray
Gray’s official website


Lanark 1982
The unofficial Alasdair Gray website


Rodge Glass
Novelist / Gray’s biographer’s official website


Alasdair Gray Biography and Bibliography
Biography and bibliography of Gray on the Complete Review website


An Epistolary Interview, Mostly with Alasdair Gray
Mark Axelrod interviews Gray on the Center for Book Culture website


‘Reading Alasdair Gray’
Janice Galloway’s article on Gray on the Center for Book Culture website


Alasdair Gray Biography
Biography of Gray on the National Library of Scotland website


Will Self: An Introduction to Alasdair Gray
Self’s critical introductions and bibliography on his official website


Learning Journeys: Alasdair Gray
Biography of Gray on the BBC Writing Scotland website


Alasdair Gray Profile
Profile of Gray on the British Council’s Contemporary Writers website


Alasdair Gray in Conversation
Daniel Winterstein’s 2001 Edinburgh Book Festival interview with Gray on the Edinburgh Guide website


Alasdair Gray, Writer and Artist
Article on the Pat’s Guide to the West End website


Oranmor - What's Going On At The Church At The Top Of Byres Road?
Article on the Pat’s Guide to the West End website


The Drafts and Papers of ‘Lanark: A Life in Four Books’
Archive of drafts and papers relating ‘Lanark’ on the Glasgow University Library’s Special Collections Department website


Alasdair Gray: Titles and News
Details of Gray’s books and news on the Canongate Books website


‘1982, Janine’: Two Reviews
Merle Rubin and David Lodge’s reviews of Gray’s novel on Andrew Crumey’s website


‘Big Pockets With Buttoned Flaps’
Read Gray’s short story on the Barcelona Review website


Alasdair Gray Links
Links to sites relating to Gray and his work on the Slainte website


‘I Have Never Wanted to Confuse Readers’
Lidia Vianu interviews Gray on the Scriptmania website


‘A Writer’s Life’
Helen Brown interviews Gray on the Telegraphy Arts website


‘Gray’s Anatomy’
Vicky Allen’s 2004 Sunday Herald Interview with Gray


Alasdair Gray at Word Power
Support Edinburgh independent book shop Word Power by purchasing Gray’s books from this link


‘The Ends of Our Tethers’
Ben McLeod reviews Grays collection on the Bookslut website


‘Propaedeutic Prefaces of mirth’
Robert Coates reviews Gray’s ‘Book of Prefaces’ on the Just Book Reviews website


‘Mavis Belfrage’
Jenny Turner and Douglas Gifford’s reviews of Grays book on Andrew Crumey’s website


‘Braveheart’
Extracts from Gray’s appearance on the Radio 4 Today Programme on the I Make Content website


‘The Many Prefaces of Alasdair Gray’
Bill Duncan reviews Gray’s ‘Book of Prefaces’ on the Scotsman website


‘A Tickly New Calm’
Gray’s biography, Rodge Glass talks about the biography on the Arts Magnet web blog


‘History’s Mandate: Alasdair Gray and the Art of Independence’
Willy Maley’s article on Gray on the Glasgow University website


‘Money Is Important To Artists, Especially When You Haven't Got It’
Euan Ferguson’s 2003 Guardian Unlimited interview with Gray


‘Uplifting Tales of Decrepitude’
Irvine Welsh’s 2003 Guardian review of Gray’s ‘The Ends of Our Tethers: 13 Sorry Stories’


‘Addressing the Reader’
Nicholas Lezard’s 2002 Guardian review of Gray’s ‘Book of Prefaces’


‘Glasgow Belongs to Us’
Janice Galloway’s 2002 Guardian article on Gray’s ‘Lanark’


‘Founding Father Of The Scottish Renaissance’
Interview and sound clips of Gray reading from his work on the Guardian website


‘Gray Arias’
Ian Samson’s 2000 Guardian review of Gray’s ‘Book of Prefaces’


My Schooldays: Alasdair Gray
Leila Farra interviews Gray on the Scotsman website


‘Power From the People’
Gray’s 2005 Guardian article


‘In the Shadow of a Younger, Gushier Self’
Nicholas Blincoe reviews Gray’s ‘The End of Our Tethers’ on the Telegraph website



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This is not a new book from Alasdair Gray but a re-issue from his publisher, Canongate. ‘1982, Janine’, is his second novel, following his sprawling half-fantasy epic,’Lanark’ and was first published in 1984. It is unlike anything I’ve ever read and to me, it boasts one of the most fully realized characters in literature. Whether you love or hate him, when you have finished Janine, you will know Jock McLeish in ways probably better than you know some of your friends or loved ones.

In a nutshell, Jock lies on a cheap but clean hotel bed in the Scots town of Selkirk or Peebles. He is not sure, probably Peebles. Observing him lying there on his hotel bed alone, his opening soliloquy sounds weary and resigned, interspersed with the faintest of humour - humour that’s so ironic that it gives off only the slightest hint of a pulse.

This is a good room. It could be Belgium, the U.S.A., Russia perhaps, Australia certainly, any land where a room can have wallpaper, carpet and curtains patterned with three different sorts of flower….But there is no bible. All American hotel bedrooms have bibles so I am definitely not in the States. A pity. I hate feeling limited. I could be hundreds of men just now, a commercial traveler in wool and tweed, a farmer, an auctioneer, a tourist, one of those lecturers who appear in obscure halls to tell six middle-aged housewives and a retired police sergeant about the Impact of Van Gogh upon the Spotted Thrush during the last days of Pompeii. It does not matter how I earn my bread. The topic has ceased to sicken me, I don’t think about it.

Jock begins to drift in and out of various sexual fantasies, involving a cast of four primary women: Janine, the title character, Helga, Big Momma, and a woman who he has dubbed Superb, in a classic Gray wordplay, affectionately short for superbitch. The various fantasies assume an almost novel or cinematic form – very scripted out and elaborate. They involve one of the characters, mostly Janine, being transported to a scene in which she has to audition by walking into a room full of men and being seductive. There are sometimes cuckolding scenes but these are usually resolved with the offender, mostly Janine but sometimes Superb, being put into light bondage, rope or handcuffs and mildly humiliated and dominated.

Jock also distractedly interrupts his own fantasies with interjection, comment and quick flashes of memory, and you begin to get tiny glimpses of who he was earlier:

But Janine is not (here come the clothes) happy with the white silk shirt shaped by the way it hangs from her etcetera I mean BREASTS, silk shirt not quite reaching the thick harness-leather belt which is not holding up the miniskirt but hangs in the loops round the waistband of the white suede miniskirt supported by her hips and unbuttoned as high as the top of the black fishnet stockings whose mesh is wide enough to insert three fingers I HATED clothes when I was young. My mother made me wear far too many of them, mostly jackets and coats.

In the middle of a fantasy with Superb in handcuffs, he thinks:

I love her like this and wish I could prolong the fantasy of possessing her without putting her into increasingly complicated and perverse positions. I wish I could excite myself with memories of real lovemaking…But my past is a pit full of regrets. My few nice memories of love with real women conjure up remorse and rage at what I have lost…

This is all happening inside Jock’s sexually repressed mind but he also spins out into fantasies tinged with political and philosophical musings as sado-masochism blurs with Scottish nationalism, weighing in with commentary on pornography, de Sade and the Scots national persona:

Most pornography fails by not being dramatic enough. There are too few characters. The author has only one sort of climax in mind, and reaches it early, and can only offer more of the same with variations which never excite as much again.

Sadistic? It would be if de sade were not so disappointing. He gives much the same masturbatory climax on every tenth page and fills the space between with a lot of pretentious excuses about nature being ruthless and cruel so why should we not be…you need ideas to be cruel and only men have ideas…

The truth is we are a nation of arselickers, though we disguise it with surfaces: a surface of generous openhanded manliness, a surface of dour practical integrity, a surface of futile maudlin defiance like when we break goalposts and windows after football matches on foreign soil and commit suicide on Hogmanay by leaping from fountains in Trafalgar Square. Which is why, when England allowed us a referendum on the subject, I voted for Scottish self-government…it would be a luxury to blame ourselves for the mess we are in instead of the bloody old Westminster parliament.

Jock’s fantasy/rants build in intensity and it becomes apparent that he intends to do himself in - the despair is that profound. He keeps drinking as multiple internal voices compete for his attention. It swells to cacophony and he swallows a handful of pills. As if caught in a in a huge storm, he is picked up and swept away – deposited on a quiet beach somewhere, waves lapping the shore. As the voices gradually fade away, Jock reaches back in his life for specific memories and shares them.

You see his early years as an adolescent, the awkwardness of relationship with his mother and stiff affection for his father, quiet and capable, but in the end a weak and broken man, while the only other male role model he had was in the form of the ‘mad Hislop’ – a teacher/disciplinarian who also broke in the end. You see the very beginning of his sexual repression. He candidly talks about his ill treatment and emotional abuse of his first lover, the innocent hapless Denny and moves on from her to his first marriage to the cold manipulative Helen. This is set against backdrops of college student life, the boho scene of an experimental theatre company during the Edinburgh Festival and later, in a bourgeois milieu as a materially successful middle manager for a security systems company.

Gray portrays Jock in this section as a young man slowly coming of sexually independent age. It’s deceptively simple - the memories that he chooses to reveal are absolutely crucial to what happens next. By the time Jock (and the reader) has arrived at the emotional crossroads wherein he has booked himself a room in a cheap but clean, and modern hotel, and in an alcoholic, mildly psychotic state, has decided to do himself in, it all makes complete sense. While you may abhor the act of suicide and cringe from it, Jock has so thoroughly and intelligently explained himself and who he is, that you understand completely and would be hard pressed to stop him and argue him out of it.

This book also grabs the reader on a surface level in the appearance of the text. Gray, as a visual artist, plays with the fonts and typography – enlarging it, making it smaller, upside down at times and in the margins. It hits the reader on a visceral level, especially during Jock’s psychosis, where the typography is all over the place so not only does the reader intellectually comprehend this from the text but also sees that the printed words themselves have become psychotic.

No discussion of ‘1982, Janine’ would be complete without addressing the elaborately described and scripted sexual fantasy scenes. While learning more about Jock’s character, I found myself responding to those, too – one would have to be dead or in a coma not to react at all. It is truly an interactive book that fully engages the reader. Gray is such a genius with description that only he can convince the reader that a certain sound is sexy – in one of the fantasy scenes, Janine is about to walk into a room in heels, seductively, with men watching her and there is a voice offstage directing her:

A voice cries, “Come on in , Miss Crystal, show us how you can walk” Heart thudding, eyes narrowed to slits against the glare she walks slowly toward the light thinking, ‘Act calm’….She hears two unfastened studs of her skirt click with each step she takes. “That’s a sexy sound,” the voice says, and giggles.

This effect, the studs clicking while Janine walks into a room is played several times throughout and the reader develops an almost Pavlovian response to it.

This is a very political book – Gray wrote a short political treatise in 1992 called ‘Why Scots Should Rule Scotland’ and in ‘1982, Janine’, there seems to be almost a first draft or prototype of his political philosophy, delivered through Jock’s character. It’s also fearlessly political in its unflinching examination of relations and power balance between countries (Scotland/England), class and gender. Jock is ultimately not a pornographer so much as a sexually repressed male who finds solace in the imagined encounters when the real thing is far too frightening. And forever, I shall think of the effect of two unfastened studs on a woman’s skirt clicking when she walks as one of the most seductive sounds in the world.


© Marc Goldin
Reproduced with permission



Marc Goldin currently lives in Chicago, with three cats, each one more long-haired than the last. Interests have ranged from medieval monasticism to discontinued stations on the London Underground – literary likes too diverse (some would say schizo) to list here although the last several years have been witness to an intimacy with Scottish and Irish literature. American Southern and Beat era lit also account for some of the ‘missing years’. Music tastes run the gamut from Cuban Danzon to Ska (all three waves but having a specific attachment to the second, two-tone period) to the Tuvan throat singers. Has written book reviews for a now defunct Irish literature site and has several short stories in various stages of development. Mad for black and white photography and aspires to someday have a complete collection of photos documenting every close in the Grassmarket area of Edinburgh. Works in the IT dept. of a French company in the current political climate. In football, supports Chelsea, Hibs, and for the sake of employment security, Marseille.




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© 2005 Laura Hird All rights reserved.




1982 JANINE
by Alasdair Gray
(Canongate Classics 2003)

Marc Goldin
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